Viral Marketing
A viral marketing method works in a fashion similar to virus. Your son gets flu. The flu virus spreads to few of his classmates. The next day your son stops going to school. He work is done. Some of his school classmates come back to their home and they spread the flu at their home and at their playground. Some of the parents who catch flu spread the flu to their offices. And the phonemenon continues. Very soon the virus spreads to a part of the city.
As a viral marketer you are the 1st person who go to school and spread the virus to some of your classmates. Your job is done. To understand it with a most recent example consider the free international calling offer from Vonage. Vonage started offering unlimited international calling for $25 a monnth. I received this message in an email from Alok Jain. The email did not came from vonage. I did not see it in any advertisement. Alok Jain was spreading the virus. Vonage just spread the virus – that there was a free unlimited international call for just $25 a month. And its job was done. It did not spend millions advertising on TV or online media. The offer was picked up by few persons and they started sending email. Within few days it reached to millions of the India population. Vonage had added one more deadly virus. They offered free two months two anyone who referred someone to this service. Very soon there was phone calls going to everywhere. I got at least 10 calls asking me to take up this plan. They wanted two months free calling.
It was a brilliant move from Vonage. Whether it make bussiness sense to them it a different question. But, in my view it was a brilliant move from vonage. I believe they must have made several hundred new customers with this plan ( I do not have exact data). They saved several million dollars on marketing expense with this move.
Discussion of viral marketing, especially in online marketing arena is never complete without the classical example of hotmail. Hotmail started free email service at the time when other companies were offering paid email services. With every email there was a simple tag at the bottom of every free message sent out: “Get your private, free email at http://www.hotmail.com”. Very soon the message spread like a wild fire. Hotmail just ignited the initial spark and the fire spread like a California forest fires.
Viral marketing is a great strategy. If you want to market your product or service think if and how you can apply it to the product or services that you want to market. The idea will come like a spark. if your idea hits the right spark your job is done.
Traditional non viral marketing works in a linear fashion. If A is the effort required to bring one customer then the amount of the effort required to bring y customer will be A*y. In the viral marketing, your initial effort is that sparkling idea. And there is no subsequent linear effort required in marketing.
Figure 1 : Traditional marketing techniques requires linearly increasing effort to increase customers
Figure 2 -In viral marketing techniques, the few initial customers are compelled to spread the message.
Fiigure 1 shows the traditional marketing technique in which the company needs to reach to each invidivual potential customer.The cost of marketing increases linearly with number of potential customer that the company wishes to reash.
Figure 2 shows the viral marketing technique. The company initially makes few customers. These customers are then compelled to spread the message to other potential customer, who in turn spread it to even more customers.
Once again focus on figure 1. The message goes from company to the customer. The customer knows that the message is coming from the company. They know that this is company’s marketing ploy. This reduces the efficacy of the markeing effort applied by the company. Move on to figure 1. Only the first 3 persons in this figure are contacted by the company. Any person below them get the message not from the company but from a reliable person that is not part of the company. There is a more authentic and compelling message coming from someone reliable. The customer does not ignore it.
In the online marketing arena, similar principle apply. Your content or intent should be so compelling that it will force users to spread the message. You will also empower the users with tools on your website to spread the message.
Motivating users
There are several methods that we can use to motivate users to spread message. The most important of them is a free or promotional offer. Make users known that you are offering something valualble as free. This technique was used by hotmail. Hotmail was able to increase the userbase to over 8 million users in a matter of 18 months.
Empowering Users with tools to spread message
If you have a online product you should provide tools to users that enables hime to share the content or the product with others. You can give him a pop up box, telling him to share the product or online content details with other.



